澳洲代写：文化习俗的交流
在工业化之前，人们的生活是通过不同的季节来调节的。圣诞节是公共庆祝的日子;人们用五一节的习俗来庆祝春天;丰收被庆祝为生长季节的结束。民间表演队过去常常从一个村庄到另一个村庄，为人们提供娱乐。这种娱乐形式从中世纪就开始存在了。其中包括木偶戏、舞蹈、歌唱、踩高跷、动物表演、游戏等。所有的娱乐活动都是由男性发起的。各种娱乐活动主要是地方性的和参与性的。可以看到城镇里有街头艺人和卖东西的人。城市的城市环境缺乏娱乐和消遣的场所。城市地区主要用于工业发展，这些地方被用于工作而不是休闲活动。在本世纪上半叶，农村人口增长了一倍多，由于人口向城市迁移，下半叶农村人口急剧减少。这也破坏了村庄的社会凝聚力。城市中充斥着拥挤的贫民窟，这些贫民窟仅仅是为了生存，成为城市的社会中心。
澳洲代写：文化习俗的交流
长时间的工作和低工资没有给休闲活动留下任何空间。因此，工业革命以严格的时间纪律和与季节规律的分离为基础，发展了一种全新的时间观念。随着工业革命的开始，农村人口开始向城市迁移，导致了西部城市的城市化。大众文化的概念随着时代的变迁而变化。这主要是由于随着时间的推移，技术的变化和不同领域对流行文化含义的重新创造(Bennett, 2001)。流行文化概念的变化可以从音乐、电视甚至新媒体中看到。流行文化或流行文化总是与非精英的逻辑联系在一起。目前对“大众文化”一词的理解是由工业化及其广泛的中产阶级人口所产生的。流行的交流和艺术形式在解释共同的文化习俗和创造这些习俗的人方面发挥了巨大的作用。
澳洲代写：文化习俗的交流
Before the advent of industrialization, the lives of people were regulated through different seasons. Christmas was the occasion for communal celebrations; spring was celebrated with May Day customs; harvest was celebrated as the end of the growing season. Travelling team of folk performs used to go to village from village, which provided entertainment for people. This kind of entertainment has been into existence since Middle age. This included puppet shows, dancing, singing, stilt-walking, performance of animals, games, etc. All the amusement was roust and largely done by males. All kinds of entertainment were mainly local and participatory. The towns could be seen with street performers and people selling their goods. The urban settings of the cities lack places for entertainment and recreation. The urban areas were mainly for industrial development and the places were used for work instead for leisure activities. In the first half of the century, the population of the rural areas was more than double, which highly decreased in the second half due to migration to cities. This also resulted in breaking the social cohesion of the villages. The cities were filled with the crowded slums, which were for mere survival and became the social center of the cities.
澳洲代写：文化习俗的交流
The long working hours and low wages do not leave any room for leisure activities. Thus Industrial revolution developed a completely new perception of time, based on strict time discipline and separation from seasonal pattern. With the beginning of industrial revolution, the people from rural areas began to migrate to cities, which led to urbanization of Western cities.The concept of popular culture has changed with the changing time. This is mainly due to the technological changes and the different fields re-invent the meaning of popular culture over time (Bennett, 2001). The changes in the concept of popular culture can be seen in music, television and even in new media. Popular culture or pop culture has always been associated with logic of being non-elite. The current understanding of the term “popular culture” has been generated from the Industrialization and its extensive middle class population. Popular forms of communication and arts had a great hand in explaining the common cultural practices and the people who created them.