澳洲作业代写：澳大利亚土著的健康状况。人们发现，澳大利亚土著和托雷斯海峡岛民是世界上被研究最多的民族。到目前为止，这些人的健康状况和预期寿命远远落后于非土著居民。根据Doyle和Dobrow(8,9)的观点，针对土著人的卫生政策是基于系统研究和临床专业知识的，但在卫生干预和政策制定方面缺乏基于证据的实践。基于证据的模型在健康研究中非常流行。接下来澳洲作业代写专家将为同学们分享下论文范文澳大利亚土著的健康状况。
根据Doyle和Dobrow(8,9)的观点，针对土著人的卫生政策是基于系统研究和临床专业知识的，但在卫生干预和政策制定方面缺乏基于证据的实践。基于证据的模型在健康研究中非常流行。因此，它可以为有效的政策制定提供一些有益的结果。Uneke等人(10)发现，基于证据的实践在全世界都得到认可，并被认为是使用严格流程的重要和必要手段，以确保通过当前的发现和最好的可得证据来告知各国的医疗保健决策。政策是指方向和目标的术语，具体地说，是基于政治愿景和行动计划的。然而，根据韦伯斯特(11)的观点，政策制定是“政府将其政治愿景转化为计划和行动的过程，以实现在现实世界中带来变化的‘结果’”(106页)。
在基于证据的政策制定中，证据的主要意义在于作为政策的原则考虑。根据Durey and Thompson(12)的研究，土著居民的健康状况比非土著居民差，预期寿命较低。减少健康差距和改善健康的干预措施的成效有限。因此，必须通过基于证据的实践和知识，对与那些有能力使健康差距持续存在的人相关的证据进行批判性分析(13)。
Hanney等人(7)发现需要提供更严格、更可靠的证据，这些证据可以为政策制定者、卫生部长和服务管理者的决策提供信息，从而为政策和实践带来有效的改变。因此，本研究纳入了澳大利亚土著居民的案例。目前关于土著人民的政策和研究往往侧重于目前的差距、环境和其他一般性考虑(13)。然而，这些政策需要更多地关注导致土著澳大利亚人健康不平等的过程。Dudgeon等(14)也认为，在制定政策之前确定边缘化、歧视和不平等的影响是重要的。这只能通过基于证据的研究来实现，以加强和解和治愈的进程。
. According to Doyle and Dobrow (8, 9) health policies for the Aboriginal people are based on systematic research and clinical expertise, yet it lacks the evidence based practice in health interventions and policy making. The evidence based model is very popular in the health research. Hence, it can provide some beneficial results in effective policy making. Uneke et al (10) have found that the evidence based practice is recognized all over the world and considered as important and necessary for the use of rigorous process to ensure that healthcare decisions in the countries are informed through the current findings and best available evidences. Policy is the term that refers to the directions and objectives, which are specifically, based on the political vision and action plans. However, according to Webster (11) policy making is the “the process by which governments translate their political vision into programs, and actions to deliver ‘outcomes’ desired to bring changes in the real world” (p. 106).
In the evidence based policy making, the main significance is given to the evidences or they are the principle consideration of the policy. According to the study of Durey and Thompson (12), the health of indigenous people is worse than the non-indigenous population and has the lower life expectancy. The success of interventions for reducing health disparities and improving health is limited. Therefore, the critical analysis of the evidences related to those who have the power to perpetuate the health disparities must be addressed through evidence based practice and knowledge (13).
Hanney et al (7) found that there is a need to produce more rigorous and reliable evidences, which can inform the decisions made by policy makers, health ministers and service managers to bring effective change in policy and practice. Therefore, case of Australian Aboriginal people has been included in this research. The current polices and research on Indigenous people often focuses on the current disparities, environment and other generic considerations (13). However, the policies are required to focus more on the process that resulted in health disparities among Indigenous Australians. Dudgeon et al (14) also asserted that it is important that the effect of marginalization, discrimination and inequality should be determined before policy making. This can only be achieved through evidence based research to enforce the process of reconciliation and healing.
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